Kugeza ubu, hari ubwoko bwinshi bwibisanzwe bigizwe na kashe ya elastike ya elastike ku isoko, cyane cyane ibicuruzwa bya silicone na polyurethane.Ubwoko butandukanye bwa kashe ya elastike ifite itandukaniro mumikorere yabo ikora kandi ikiza urwego nyamukuru.Nkigisubizo, hari byinshi cyangwa bike bigarukira mubice byacyo bikoreshwa.Hano, turamenyekanisha uburyo bwo gukiza bwibintu byinshi bisanzwe bigizwe na kashe ya elastike kandi tugereranya ibyiza nibibi byubwoko butandukanye bwa kashe ya elastique, kugirango turusheho gusobanukirwa no guhitamo neza mubikorwa bifatika.
1. Uburyo bumwe busanzwe bugizwe nuburyo bworoshye bwo gukiza
Ibisanzwe bisanzwe bigizwe na kashe ya elastike cyane cyane harimo: silicone (SR), polyurethane (PU), polyurethane yahinduwe na silile (SPU), silile-yarangiye polyether (MS), prepolymer ifite amatsinda atandukanye akora nuburyo butandukanye bwo gukiza.
1.1Uburyo bwo gukiza bwa silicone elastomer kashe
Igicapo 1. Uburyo bwo gukiza bwa silicone
Iyo kashe ya silicone ikoreshejwe, prepolymer yitwara hamwe nubushyuhe bwinshi bwikirere mukirere hanyuma igakomera cyangwa ikarunga ikozwe na catalizator.Ibicuruzwa ni ibintu bito bya molekile.Uburyo bwerekanwe ku gishushanyo cya 1. Ukurikije ibintu bito bito bya molekile byasohotse mugihe cyo gukira, kashe ya silicone irashobora kandi kugabanywa muburyo bwa deacidification, ubwoko bwa deketoxime, nubwoko bwa alcool.Ibyiza nibibi byubwoko bwa kole ya silicone byegeranijwe muburyo bwa 1.
Imbonerahamwe 1.Gereranya ibyiza nibibi byubwoko butandukanye bwa silicone
1.2 Uburyo bwo gukiza bwa polyurethane elastike ya kashe
Ikimenyetso kimwe cya polyurethane kashe (PU) ni ubwoko bwa polymer burimo gusubiramo urethane (-NHCOO-) mumurongo nyamukuru wa molekile.Uburyo bwo gukiza ni uko isocyanate ifata amazi kugirango ikore karbamate yo hagati idahindagurika, ihita ibora vuba kubyara CO2 na amine, hanyuma amine ikora hamwe na isocyanate irenze muri sisitemu, hanyuma amaherezo ikora elastomer ifite imiterere y'urusobe.Uburyo bukiza bwo kuvura ni ubu bukurikira:
Igicapo 1.Kuvura uburyo bwa reaction ya polyurethane
1.3 Uburyo bwo gukiza bwa silane yahinduwe na polyurethane ikidodo
Igicapo 3. Gukiza uburyo bwa reaction ya silane yahinduwe na polyurethane ikidodo
Urebye ibitagenda neza bya kashe ya polyurethane, polyurethane iherutse guhindurwa na silane kugirango itegure ibifatika, ikora ubwoko bushya bwo gufunga kashe hamwe nuruhererekane runini rwimiterere ya polyurethane hamwe nitsinda rya nyuma rya alkoxysilane, ryitwa silane yahinduwe na polyurethane (SPU).Imyitwarire ikiza yubu bwoko bwa kashe isa nkiya silicone, ni ukuvuga ko amatsinda ya alkoxy yitwara hamwe nubushyuhe bwo gukora hydrolysis na polycondensation kugirango habeho imiyoboro ihamye ya Si-O-Si (Urwego 3).Umuyoboro uhuza ingingo no hagati yo guhuza ingingo ni polyurethane yoroheje ibice byubaka.
1.4
silil-yarangiye polyether kashe (MS) nikintu kimwe cyoroshye cya elastique gishingiye kumihindagurikire ya silane.Ihuza ibyiza bya polyurethane na silicone, ni igisekuru gishya cyibicuruzwa bifunga kashe, bitarimo PVC, amavuta ya silicone, isocyanate na solvent.MS adhesive ikora hamwe nubushyuhe bwo mu kirere ku bushyuhe bwicyumba, ku buryo polymer ya silanize hamwe na -Si (OR) CYANGWA -SIR (OR) - imiterere ihindurwamo hydrolyz kumpera yumunyururu hanyuma igahuzwa na elastomer na Si-O- Imiyoboro ya Si kugirango igere ku kashe no guhuza ingaruka.Uburyo bwo gukiza uburyo bukurikira:
Igicapo 4. Gukiza uburyo bwa silil-bwarangiye polyether kashe
2. Kugereranya ibyiza nibibi bya rusange bigizwe na reaction ya elastique ya kashe
2.1 Ibyiza nibibi bya kashe ya silicone
Ibyiza bya kashe ya silicone:
Resistance Kurwanya ikirere cyiza, kurwanya ogisijeni, kurwanya ozone no kurwanya ultraviolet;Temperature Ubushyuhe buke bwo guhinduka.
AdvantIbibi bya kashe ya silicone:
①Byongeye gushushanya kandi ntibishobora gusiga irangi;Gabanya imbaraga zo kurira;Resistance Kurwanya amavuta adahagije;④Ntabwo arwanya gucumita;LayerIcyuma gifata neza byoroshye kubyara amavuta yanduza beto, amabuye hamwe nubundi buryo bworoshye.
2.2 Ibyiza nibibi bya kashe ya Polyurethane
Ibyiza bya kashe ya polyurethane:
Guhuza neza na substrate zitandukanye;② Ubushyuhe buke bwo hasi cyane;E Elastique nziza nuburyo bwiza bwo kugarura ibintu, bikwiranye ningingo zingirakamaro;Strength Imbaraga zikomeye zubukanishi, kwihanganira kwambara neza, kurwanya amavuta no kurwanya gusaza kwa Biologiya;⑤ Ibyinshi mu bigize ibibyimba bikiza bya polyurethane bifunga kashe kandi bidafite umwanda kuri substrate n'ibidukikije;Ubuso bwa kashe burashobora gushushanywa kandi byoroshye gukoresha.
AdvantIbibi bya kashe ya polyurethane:
① Iyo ukize mubushyuhe bwo hejuru nubushuhe buhebuje ku muvuduko ugereranije, ibibyimba byabyara byoroshye, bigira ingaruka kumikorere ya kashe;② Iyo guhuza no gufunga ibice bigize insimburangingo (nk'ikirahure, ibyuma, nibindi), muri rusange harasabwa primer;Ll Shallow Ibara ryamabara irashobora gusaza gusaza UV, kandi ububiko bwokubika bwa kole bugira ingaruka cyane kubipakira hamwe nuburyo bwo hanze;Resistance Kurwanya ubushyuhe no kurwanya gusaza ntibihagije.
2.3 Ibyiza nibibi bya silane yahinduwe na polyurethane
Ibyiza bya silane yahinduwe polyurethane ikidodo:
Gukiza ntabwo bitanga ibibyimba byinshi;② Ifite imiterere ihindagurika, irwanya hydrolysis hamwe n’imiti ihamye;Resistance Kurwanya ikirere cyiza, kurwanya ubushyuhe, kurwanya gusaza, kubika ibicuruzwa neza;Guhuza n'imihindagurikire y'ikirere, iyo uhujwe Muri rusange, nta primer isabwa;Ubuso bushobora gusiga irangi.
AdvantIbibi bya silane yahinduwe polyurethane ikidodo:
Resistance Kurwanya UV ntabwo ari byiza nkibya kashe ya silicone;Resistance Kurwanya amarira ni bibi cyane kurenza ibya kashe ya polyurethane.
2.4 Ibyiza nibibi bya silyl-byarangiye polyether kashe
⑴Ibyiza bya silyl-byarangiye polyether kashe:
① Ifite uburyo bwiza bwo guhuza ibintu byinshi kandi birashobora kugera kubikorwa byubusa;Has Ifite ubushyuhe burwanya ubukana bwa UV kuruta polyurethane isanzwe;Can Irashobora gusiga irangi hejuru yacyo.
⑵Ibibi bya silyl-byarangiye polyether kashe:
Resistance Kurwanya ikirere ntabwo ari byiza nka silicone silicone, kandi ibice bigaragara hejuru nyuma yo gusaza;② Kwizirika ku kirahure ni bibi.
Binyuze mu ntangiriro yavuzwe haruguru, dufite ubushishozi bwibanze bwo gukiza bwubwoko butandukanye bukoreshwa muburyo bumwe bwogukoresha kashe ya elastike, kandi mugereranije ibyiza nibibi, dushobora kugera kubisobanuro rusange kuri buri gicuruzwa.Mubikorwa bifatika, kashe irashobora gutoranywa ukurikije uburyo nyabwo bwo gusaba igice cyo guhuza kugirango ugere kashe nziza cyangwa guhuza igice cyasabwe.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Ugushyingo-15-2023