1. Incamake y'ikirahure gikingira ubushyuhe
Ese?
Ikirahure gikingira umuriro ni ubwoko bw'ikirahure kizigama ingufu cyakoreshejwe cyane mu nyubako z'ubucuruzi, mu maduka manini, mu mazu maremare yo guturamo n'izindi nyubako. Gifite ubushobozi bwiza bwo gukingira ubushyuhe n'ubw'urusaku kandi ni cyiza kandi gifatika. Ikirahure gikingira umuriro kigizwe n'ibice bibiri (cyangwa byinshi) by'ikirahure bifatanye n'ibice bitandukanya. Hari ubwoko bubiri bw'ingenzi bwo gufunga: uburyo bwo gufunga strip n'uburyo bwo gufunga kole. Kuri ubu, gufunga kabiri mu buryo bwo gufunga kole ni bwo buryo bukoreshwa cyane bwo gufunga. Imiterere ni nk'uko bigaragara ku Ishusho ya 1: ibice bibiri by'ikirahure bitandukanyijwe n'ibice bigabanya umuriro, naho agafunga ka butyl gakoreshwa mu gufunga spacer n'ikirahure imbere.Uzuza imbere muri spacer ukoresheje molekile, hanyuma ufunge icyuho kiri hagati y'inkombe y'ikirahure n'inyuma y'aho spacer iherereye ukoresheje agakoresho ko gufunga ka kabiri.
Ese?
Akamaro k'icyuma gifunga amazi cya mbere ni ukurinda umwuka w'amazi cyangwa umwuka udafite ishingiro kwinjira no gusohoka mu mwobo. Igifunga cya butyl gikoreshwa muri rusange kubera ko igipimo cyo kohereza umwuka w'amazi n'igipimo cyo kohereza umwuka udafite ishingiro cya butyl sealant ari gito cyane. Ariko, igifunga cya butyl ubwacyo gifite imbaraga nke zo gufatanya n'ubudahangarwa buke, bityo imiterere rusange igomba gushyigikirwa n'icyuma gifunga amazi cya kabiri kugira ngo gifatanye amasahani y'ibirahure n'ibice bitandukanya. Iyo ikirahure gikingira ubushyuhe kiri munsi y'umutwaro, urwego rw'icyuma gifunga amazi rushobora kugumana ingaruka nziza zo gufunga. Muri icyo gihe, imiterere rusange ntabwo ihinduka.
Igishushanyo cya 1
2. Ubwoko bw'ibikoresho byo gufunga by'inyongera byo gukingira ikirahure
Ese?
Hari ubwoko butatu bw'ingenzi bw'ibifunga by'inyongera byo gukingira ikirahure: polysulfide, polyurethane na silicone. Imbonerahamwe ya 1 igaragaza bimwe mu biranga ubwoko butatu bw'ibifunga nyuma yo gukira neza.
Imbonerahamwe ya 1 Igereranya ry'imikorere y'ubwoko butatu bw'ibikoresho byo gufunga ikirahure by'inyongera
Akamaro ka polysulfide sealant ni uko ifite umwuka muke w'amazi n'imyuka ya argon mu bushyuhe bw'icyumba; ikibi cyayo ni uko ifite umuvuduko mwinshi wo kwinjiza amazi.
Igipimo cyo kugarura modulus na elastic kigabanuka cyane uko ubushyuhe bwiyongera, kandi uburyo amazi asohokamo nabwo ni bwinshi cyane iyo ubushyuhe buri hejuru. Byongeye kandi, bitewe n'uko idakunda gusaza imirasire ya UV, imirasire ya UV imara igihe kirekire itera gusibangana kudafatana.
Ese?
Akamaro ka polyurethane sealant ni uko umwuka wayo w’amazi n’umwuka wa argon biba bike, kandi umwuka w’amazi na wo uba uri hasi iyo ubushyuhe buri hejuru; ikibi cyayo ni uko idakunda gusaza imirasire y’izuba.
Ese?
Ifu ya silikoni ivuga ifu ya polysiloxane nk'ibikoresho by'ingenzi, kandi byitwa silicone sealant yo mu buhinzi. Uruhererekane rwa polymer rwa silikoni sealant rugizwe ahanini na Si-O-Si, ihujwe kugira ngo ikore imiterere y'amagufwa ya Si-O-Si isa n'urusobe rw'imiyoboro mu gihe cyo kuyitunganya. Ingufu za Si-O bond (444KJ/mol) ni nyinshi cyane, ntabwo ari nini cyane kurusha izindi ngufu za polymer bond, ahubwo zinaruta ingufu za ultraviolet (399KJ/mol). Imiterere ya molekile ya silikoni sealant ituma silikoni sealant ibasha kwihanganira ubushyuhe bwinshi n'ubukonje, kurwanya ikirere no kurwanya gusaza kwa UV, ndetse no kubura amazi. Imbogamizi za silikoni sealant iyo ikoreshejwe mu kirahure gikingira ni gazi nyinshi zinjira.
3. Guhitamo neza agakoresho ko gufunga ikirahure gashobora gukoreshwa mu buryo butuma ibintu bitagira ubushyuhe
Ese?
Iyo ubuso bw'ubufatanye bwa kole ya polysulfide, kole ya polyurethane n'ikirahure bishyizwe ku zuba igihe kirekire, hazavaho gumming, bizatuma igice cy'inyuma cy'ikirahure gikingira ubushyuhe cy'urukuta rw'ikirahure rwihishe gigwa cyangwa ifunga ry'ikirahure gikingira ubushyuhe cy'urukuta rw'ikirahure rushyigikiwe n'ingingo rinanirwa.Kubwibyo, agakoresho ko gufunga ka kabiri ko gukingira ikirahure cy’inkuta z’amadirishya zihishe n’inkuta z’amadirishya zihishe zigomba gukoresha agakoresho ko gufunga ka silikoni, kandi ingano y’aho ihurira igomba kubarwa hakurikijwe JGJ102 "Ibisobanuro bya tekiniki ku bijyanye n’ubuhanga mu by’amadirishya y’ikirahure";
Ifu ifunga ikirahure cy’inkuta z’amarido zishyigikiwe n’ingingo igomba gukoresha ifu ifunga ikoresheje silicone; ku ifu ifunga ikirahure cy’inkuta nini zifunguye, ni byiza gukoresha ifu ifunga ikoresheje silicone y’inkuta z’amarido.Ifu ifunga ikirahure gikingira inzugi, amadirishya n'inkuta zisanzwe zifunguye zishobora kuba ifu ifunga ikirahure ya silicone, ifu ifunga irangi cyangwa ifu ifunga irangi ya polyurethane.
Hashingiwe ku byavuzwe haruguru, abakoresha bagomba guhitamo ikintu gifunga cya kabiri gikwiye cyo gushyiramo ubushyuhe bw'ikirahure hakurikijwe ikoreshwa ryihariye ry'ikirahure gikingira ubushyuhe. Dushingiye ku kuba ubuziranenge bw'iki gifunga burujuje ibisabwa, igihe cyose cyatoranijwe kandi kigakoreshwa neza, ikirahure gikingira ubushyuhe gishobora gukorwa gifite ubuzima bujyanye n'ibisabwa mu ikoreshwa. Ariko iyo cyatoranijwe nabi kandi kigakoreshwa nabi, ndetse n'iki gifunga cyiza gishobora gukora ikirahure gikingira ubushyuhe cyujuje ubuziranenge butari bwiza.
Mu guhitamo agakoresho gafunga ibintu kabiri, cyane cyane agakoresho gafunga ibintu ka silicone, tugomba kandi gutekereza ko agakoresho gafunga ibintu ka silicone gagomba kuba kujuje ibisabwa ku kirahure gikingira ubushyuhe, kuba gahuye n’agakoresho gafunga ibintu ka butyl gafunga ibintu by’ibanze, ndetse n’imikorere ya gakoresho gafunga ibintu ka silicone bigomba kuba byujuje ibisabwa n’ibipimo ngenderwaho. Muri icyo gihe, ubuziranenge bw’ibicuruzwa bifunga ibintu bya silicone, ukumenyekana kw’abakora agakoresho gafunga ibintu ka silicone, hamwe n’ubushobozi bw’uruganda mu gutanga serivisi za tekiniki n’urwego mu gikorwa cyose cyo kugurisha mbere yo kugurisha, kugurisha, na nyuma yo kugurisha nabyo ni ibintu by’ingenzi abakoresha bagomba gusuzuma.
Ese?
Ifu ifunga ikirahure ifata igice gito cy’ikiguzi cyose cyo gukora ikirahure, ariko bigira ingaruka zikomeye ku bwiza n’ubuzima bw’ikirahure. Ifu ifunga ikirahure ifata ikirahure ifitanye isano itaziguye n’ibibazo by’umutekano w’urukuta rw’amadirishya. Muri iki gihe, uko irushanwa ku isoko ry’ifu ikomeza kwiyongera, bamwe mu bakora ifu ifunga ntibatinda kugabanya imikorere n’ubwiza bw’ibicuruzwa mu gihe bagabanya ibiciro kugira ngo batsindire abakiriya ku giciro gito. Hari ibicuruzwa byinshi bifunga ikirahure bifite ubuziranenge buke kandi buhendutse byagaragaye ku isoko. Iyo umukoresha abihisemo atitayeho, kugira ngo azigame ikiguzi gito cyo gufunga, bishobora guteza ibibazo by’umutekano cyangwa bigatera impanuka nziza, bishobora guteza igihombo kinini.
Ese?
Siway iragusaba guhitamo ibicuruzwa bikwiye n'ibicuruzwa byiza; icyarimwe, tuzabagezaho ingaruka zitandukanye ziterwa no gukoresha ikirahure gifunga ibintu mu buryo budahagije ndetse no gukoresha nabi mu gihe kizaza.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Ukuboza 13-2023